With the birth of my son last month, I thought it would be a great time to discuss oral health during pregnancy.
Pregnancy, with its many physical changes, is an exciting time of life for any woman. It is also a time to pay extra attention to your dental health.
During pregnancy, many women experience increased sensitivity and puffiness of the gums. Pregnancy causes an alteration in the estrogen and progesterone levels which, when coupled with plaque in the mouth, can cause an exaggerated response in the mouth. The result can be a condition called pregnancy gingivitis or a benign gum growth known as a pregnancy tumor. These issues, with minimal treatment, improved home care, and the birth of the baby, will be easily resolved. The best way to avoid gum problems during pregnancy is prevention – see your dentist and step up your home care (brushing and flossing).
If you need dental treatment during pregnancy, it can be accomplished safely for both the mother and baby. Although you want to avoid unnecessary x-rays, if a problem arises, dental x-rays can be safely taken using a lead apron. The dentist will make this decision carefully, weighing the benefits of the x-ray against the minimal radiation to which the patient is exposed.
Other concerns for pregnant women are dental anesthesia and antibiotic use. Some obstetricians advise dentists to use anesthesia without epinephrine during pregnancy. Dentists can prescribe amoxicillin, penicillin, and clindomycin safely, but should avoid tetracycline, which may stain the child’s developing teeth. While over the counter pain relievers should be avoided, some obstetricians will recommend Tylenol for pain relief, depending on the stage of pregnancy.
The second trimester is the best time to treat dental problems, although dental emergencies (pain, swelling or bleeding) can be safely treated anytime in the pregnancy. Your dentist should be willing to consult with your OB to address any of your concerns and should happily answer your pregnancy-dental questions.
While embracing this very special time in your life, be sure to take good care of yourself—rest, eat well, follow your doctor’s advice, and take care of your dental health!
– Dr. Mike
